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Jalaluddin Rumi
1207 CE – 1273 CE · Balkh/Konyasufi
Description
Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Rūmī, commonly known as Rumi, was a Sufi mystic, poet, and founder of the Islamic brotherhood known as the Mevlevi Order. His family hailed from Balkh. Rumi is an influential figure in Sufism, and his thought and works loom large both in Persian literature and mystic poetry in general. Today, his translated works are enjoyed all over the world.
Facts
| Title | Jalaluddin, jalāl al-Din, Mevlana, Mawlana |
| Born | 30 September 1207, Wakhsh, Khwarezmian Empire, (present-day Tajikistan) |
| Died | 17 December 1273 (aged 66), Konya, Sultanate of Rum, (present-day Turkey) |
| Resting place | Tomb of Mevlana Rumi, Mevlana Museum, Konya, Turkey |
| Spouse | Gevher KhatunKarra Khatun |
| Children | Sultan WaladAmir Alim ChelebiMalike Khatun |
| Parents | Baha al-Din Valad (father)Mo'mena Khatun (mother) |
| Era | Mongol conquests |
| Main interest | Sufi literature |
| Notable idea(s) | Sufi whirling, Muraqaba |
| Notable work(s) | Mathnawī-ī ma'nawī, Dīwān-ī Shams-ī Tabrīzī, Fīhi mā fīhi |
| Known for | Inspiring the Mevlevi Sufi order, composing Mathnawi poetry |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Order | Sufi |
| Philosophy | Sufism, Mysticism |
| Jurisprudence | Hanafi |
| Tariqa | Mevlevi |
| Creed | Maturidi |
| Predecessor | Shams-i Tabrizi and Baha-ud-din Zakariya |
| Successor | Husam al-Din Chalabi, Sultan Walad |
| Personal (Ism) | Muḥammad, محمد |
| Patronymic (Nasab) | ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Aḥmad, بن محمد بن الحسين بن أحمد |
| Epithet (Laqab) | Jalāl ad-Dīn, جلالالدین |
| Toponymic (Nisba) | ar-Rūmī, الرومي, al-Khaṭībī, الخطيبي, al-Balkhī, البلخي, al-Bakrī, البكري |
Life & work in brief
Summarised by section — one row per topic, for fast reading.
| Topic | Summary |
|---|---|
| Name | He is most commonly called Rumi in English. |
| Life | Rumi was born to Persian parents, in Wakhsh, a village on the East bank of the Wakhsh River known as Sangtuda in present-day Tajikistan. |
| Teachings | Like other mystic and Sufi poets of Persian literature, Rumi's poetry speaks of love which infuses the world. |
| Major works | Rumi's poetry is often divided into various categories: the quatrains (rubayāt) and odes (ghazal) of the Divan, the six books of the Masnavi. |
| Religious outlook | Despite references to other religions, Rumi clearly holds the superiority of Islam. |
| Language | Rumi's works are written in his mother tongue, Persian. |
| Legacy | Rumi's work has been translated into many of the world's languages, including Russian, German, Urdu, Turkish, Arabic, Bengali, French, Italian, Spanish, Telugu and Kannada and is being presented in a growing number of formats, including concerts, workshops, readings, dance performances, and other artistic creations. |
| In popular culture | The life and teachings of Rumi have significantly influenced contemporary literature and media. |
Prophecies
Key prophetic utterances and visions attributed to Jalaluddin Rumi, with sources.
| Prophecy / vision | Source |
|---|---|
| Listen to the reed, how it tells of separation — longing for its origin | Masnavi, opening |
| Beyond ideas of right-doing and wrongdoing there is a field; I will meet you there | Masnavi |